Interventional pediatric cardiology primarily involves the (1) dilatation of stenotic vessels or valves (2) the occlusion of abnormal communications, as well as stenting—either of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) or the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) and occlusion of abnormal communications. Many transcatheter techniques—such as balloon dilatation, stent implantation, and coil occlusion—have been adapted from adult practice.

Devices to occlude septal defects, developed primarily for children, have also found application in adults. These procedures allow minimally invasive treatment of congenital heart defects and other structural abnormalities, reducing the need for open-heart surgery.

Kiran Hospital is one of the pioneer center in Gujarat to provide hybrid pediatric cardiac surgery.

Infrastructure & Technology

Interventional procedures follow a standard method:

1. Preparation:

• General anesthesia (corrected from anesthesia) or sedation is administered.
• l Most procedures begin with percutaneous femoral access, whereas in hybrid cases—particularly in neonates—carotid cutdown may be used.

2. Assessment:

• Hemodynamic measurements and angiograms are performed to delineate the anatomy or determine lesion severity.
• Assessment of Pulmonary arterial hypertension & operability in required cases.

3. Catheterization:

• A catheter is passed across the stenosis or abnormal communication.
• A guidewire is passed through the catheter to provide a track for delivering therapeutic devices.

4. Device Delivery:

• Balloon catheters are threaded directly.
• Stents and occlusion devices are constrained within long plastic sheaths for safe delivery.

5. Procedures / Interventions Include:

• Dilatations
• Septostomy
• Balloon Valvuloplasty
• Aortic Valve Stenosis Treatment
• Angioplasty
• Stent Implantation

Infrastructure & Technology

• Ductal / RVOT stenting in cyanotic heart disease
• Minimally invasive treatment of congenital heart defects
• Balloon valvuloplasty for stenotic valves
• Septal defect closure with occlusion devices
• Stent implantation for vessel stenosis
• Diagnostic angiography and hemodynamic assessment
• Pre- and post-procedural care in a fully equipped pediatric cardiac ICU
• Hybrid pediatric cardiac surgery